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The production of tequila in Mexico, polluting and socially unjust

The tequila, of course, is the most popular Mexican alcoholic beverage worldwide, and is very likely that almost all tourists who come to Mexico not go without test and even purchase your typical bottle of tequila. However, tequila production in Mexico is far closer to the image "idealized traditional manufacturing process by rural workers in the agave fields. The tequila industry in Mexico by large companies, generates wastes and sewage are treated and exploited. The production of tequilla, was the subject of doctoral research lpart worthy of recognition by the Mexican Academy of Sciences, as one of the best thesis in social sciences and humanities in 2009. The author, Jose de Jesus Hernandez, addressed from a social and ecological production process tequila in Mexico. Below you can read the note that was published about it and detail the main results of this thesis .

Source: Mexican Academy of Sciences AMC/063/09 Bulletin, May 27, 2009
For every liter of tequila produced in Mexico will generate 10 liters of untreated sewage

So says in his doctoral thesis José de Jesús Hernández López awarded by the Mexican Academy of Sciences as one of the best Social Sciences in 2008 . The author raises the disappearance of intermediaries for small producers to obtain greater economic benefit . Also proposed to establish two denominations of origin rather only one, which would revalue the productive forms
artisanal tequila

For every liter of tequila produced in Mexico are contaminated ten liters of water. In 2008, there were 300 million liters in the country, which represents a serious ecological problem, since there is no country in the tequila industry to treat wastewater generated, said José de Jesús Hernández López, a professor and researcher at The Colegio de Michoacán.

In his thesis "The agave landscape: expansion and beautification. Cultural ecology policy and new forms of value creation ", which won one of Awards of the Mexican Academy of Sciences (AMC) to the best doctoral thesis in Social Sciences and Humanities 2008, anthropologist suggests that manufacturers look at the wastewater treatment by-product that can be harnessed to generate electricity or biogas, as well the possibility of recovering much of the water that evaporates during the process.

Hernández López said in an interview that while tequila factories in the hands of transnational companies, raw material production is monopolized by a few regional brokers, known as "coyotes" who take advantage of that small producers are not registered to the Treasury, or the Tequila Regulatory Council, and benefit from the negotiations between the company and the producer.

"We need to disappear intermediaries to small farmers are those who have direct contact with industry and gain a greater economic benefit," said the anthropologist.

Another phenomenon detailed in his thesis, which was also awarded by the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH), is that with the intensification of the production of agave, the families of the area of \u200b\u200bArandas, Jalisco, traditionally performed the work, were displaced day laborers in the southeast.

View company generated field as a dislocation of traditional farmers who became independently wealthy and the land that previously had no value it had and the traditional ways of cultivating agave depreciated lamented the specialist.

Paradoxically, he added, despite the boom and the modernization of the tequila industry, workers are in a precarious situation because the companies are hired on a temporary basis for low wages do not create old and therefore not have benefits or social security.

response, Joseph Jesus Hernandez stressed the need not to one but, at least two denominations of origin, one for the area of \u200b\u200bthe Valley of Tequila and one for the Los Altos de Jalisco, which would assess and reassess the productive forms artisanal tequila, so that the locals have more presence and participation of the economic flow of product manufactured. Sell \u200b\u200b

illusions

In an area so little studied as cultural ecology of agave, José de Jesús Hernández López revealed that multinational companies not only sell tequila, but have created a symbol of Mexican identity.

"wrapped a cosmetic image, attractive and marketable to the view of people, set up scenarios where presented to jimador handsome, well dressed, cutting the leaves of the agave, but withheld the actual conditions in which they are producing agave, "he said.

This is a new way of creating value, he said, where what is for sale are illusions. The tourist travels agave plantations, notes the tequila production process and pay in exchange for proximity to the "national culture", which is making a business from scratch. This image is of a cosmetic industry attached the history and culture, but highly polluting.

José de Jesús Hernández López, 36 years old, has two degrees in Philosophy and Law, considered a master, doctorate and post-doctorates, three degrees in Social Anthropology. He said that receiving the award from the Mexican Academy of Sciences is a major commitment to further research and present the results of their work to public scrutiny. "I am interested to be some social improvement, not only do research by doing research, but have social benefits," he concluded.